Is The International English Language Testing System...

In the past,large organizations have implemented language assessments aimed to assess learners ability in the use of language in higher education.These high stake tests plays a vital role when decisions made on individual performance and its outcome is considered as a diagnosis of the learners ability.Among these performance, the International English Language Testing System ( IELTS) writing score is considered by most universities a benchmark against learners success in higher education.This has increase the concern of non-native raters reliability and their consistency in rating scores in countries these tests are adopted. Although these non-native raters are qualified raters, it is undeniable that comparing to native raters the†¦show more content†¦Scholars perception of the rating process in writing assessments In terms of rating process in writing assessments, pioneer studies in the field has construct distinct themes of raters position in the rating process.The process was earlier addressed as ‘decision-making process’ which evokes the raters cognitive thoughts,commonly effected by memory constraints, to retrieve related information.(Cumming,1990;Lumley,2002;Baker ,2012) Raters of this process perform by comparing similar constructions in written essays to rating scales.Retention of the retrieved information are eventually affected by individual experiences and background. The psychological process relies on the integration of former information that finally develop into a final score. Since the final product of each rating process is a holistic score that has different interpretations according the scale used in the rating process, the notion that such score may ignore to describe the learner qualifications were raised.Weigle (2002) was able to show that raters often rate holistically when using an analytic rating scale and adjust their scores to match the analytic criteria. Alderson (2005) also suggests that diagnostic tests should focus on specific abilities rather than global abilities.According to these reasons, other reseachers believe that rating is merely an interaction between the rater and three certain things that is the essay, the task and the scaleShow MoreRelatedThe International English Language Testing System1782 Words   |  8 PagesThe International English Language Testing System (IELTS) is an international standardised test for non-native English language speakers, which assesses English proficiency. This testing system was created in 1980 by the University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations and the British Council and has been picked up, revised and redeveloped into an international assessment by many countries including Australia. For those who want to enroll in universities or work as professionals in an English-speaking coun tryRead MoreBridgeTEFL Assignment Essay2372 Words   |  10 Pagesï » ¿Placement Tests Proficiency Tests Imagine that you are responsible for admitting students to an English language school. Design a simple interview based on 20 personal questions for the student about his job, family, school or country. Begin with simple grammar and vocabulary and develop more complexity by the conclusion. This is to follow the school ´s placement test to confirm its results. 1. Placement Tests Proficiency Tests   I. I would start by asking the student to answer in full sentencesRead MoreCross-Cultural Assessment of Psychological Assessment Measures7333 Words   |  30 Pagesbattle or to select participants for work programmes. Non scientific assessments, such as physiognomy, humorology, phrenology and graphology were used to describe human behaviour. When subjected to rigorous scientific measures, they could not provide reliable and verifiable results. They did, however, pave the way for the development of modern psychological assessments. The reason for reservations with regard to the value of psychological measures in a multicultural context is a matter that has beenRead MorePsychological Assessment4771 Words   |  20 PagesPSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 4 1.2. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AND RELATED TERMS 4 1.2.1. Measurement and Assessment 4 1.2.2. Evaluation and Assessment 4 1.2.3. Psychometrics and Assessment 5 1.2.4. Testing and Assessment 5 1.2.5. Psychometric Testing and Assessment 5 1.3. THE USE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 5 1.4. THE VALUE OF PSYCHOLIGICAL ASSESSMENT IN INDUSTRY 5 2. FAIRNESS AND BIAS IN SOUTH AFRICAN CONTEXT 6 2.1. THE CONCEPT OF FAIRNESS AND BIAS 6 2.2Read More Standardized Tests Do Not Measure Student Achievement Essay example1782 Words   |  8 Pages Standardized testing has been around since the mid 1800’s. Even though testing has been around for a long time it is still debated whether or not it should precisely â€Å"score† students. Students have been subjected to standardized tests frequently through their years in school due to laws which have been passed by Congress. Decisions about the evaluation of schools and students are recurrently made by government authority and are often not in the best interest of teachers, students, or theirRead MoreEFFECTIVENESS OF CLOZE – TEST AS INTEGRATIVE ASSESSMENT IN READING COMPREHENSION AT LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY SAN PABLO CITY CAMPUS ACADEMIC YEAR 2012-20138563 Words   |  35 PagesFaculty of the College of Teacher Education Laguna State Polytechnic University San Pablo City Campus San Pablo City In Partial of Fulfillment Of the Requirements in Methods of Research for the Degree Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in English CARIE JUSTINE P. ESTRELLADO MARILYN ATIENZA MENDOZA October 2012 Republic of the Philippines LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY San Pablo City Campus San Pablo City COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Approval Sheet The Thesis entitled, â€Å"EFFECTIVENESSRead MoreDesigned to measure the math, reading and writing skills necessary to predict college success, The1800 Words   |  8 Pagescollege readiness while giving all students an equal opportunity for success. Since then, the title of the test was changed again to no longer stand for Student Aptitude Test due to the multifaceted purpose of the test. Published by the Educational Testing Service, the current title of the test, â€Å"SAT†, is just an acronym that no longer stands for anything. Still, the SAT has been constantly developing to best assess student scholarly performance (â€Å"History of the Tests†, 2014). Since 1926, the CollegeRead MoreThesis About English Proficiency Among Bshrm Students10781 Words   |  44 PagesLevel of English Proficiency and Communication Skills among BSHRM CSTA Students: an Assessment A Thesis Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the Colegio De Sta. Teresa De Avila Foundation Inc. In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Degree Bachelor of Science in Hotel and Restaurant Management By: Wendell Galapate Mau Bryan Calimlim Alvin Pancito Robert Charles Magno Rodrigo Tinaja Jr. Heizel Bisnan Lea Sojor Jenelyn Soriano Aisha Valencia Clarisse Hipolito Ian VictoRead MoreA Close Look At The Assessment Cycle4002 Words   |  17 Pagesestablished and acceptable standards. Another concern is comparability between different subjects, for e.g. mathematics and physics or physics and English. The structure of assessment is significantly different between some of these subjects; mathematics and science have similar assessment components, with slightly different weightings but the assessment of English is significantly different to these (see section 4). The students who are on the CFS are overseas students who pay stupendously high tuitionRead MorePsychological Assessment5471 Words   |  22 Pageswork with children (Tutorial Letter 101 Psychological Assessment, 2013). The assessment of these young children therefore requires full investigation into the childs background, knowledge of testing limitations and other factors that may affect a childs performance, including cultural differences and language barriers. The below discussion on psychological assessment of young children addresses the purpose for assessing young children and the factors that needs to be taken into consideration during

The Declaration Of The Patriot Act - 2055 Words

When we approach people in any country around the globe and ask questions as to who are terrorists and the word terrorism which brought to the Unite States the birth of Patriot Act as well as the controversy surrounding the Act as a whole, we will see that the patriot act went too far because certain provisions seem to violate the constitutional rights of the citizens of this country. First, I see terrorism as war and a terrorist in my view is a soldier going to war for certain purpose and reason to destroy. If captured, they should be treated as prisoners of war. What comes to the mind of terrorists is always war such as in military actions because they believe they have a cause to fight for. They are not countries declaring war†¦show more content†¦In his writing, he stated that war is intrinsically vast, communal (or political) and violent. It is an actual, widespread and deliberate armed conflict between political communities, motivated by a sharp disagreement over governance† (p.135) Without terrorist, there will be no patriot act. Terrorists commit aggression; they have their own armed forces. They have the capability of sending their soldiers to violate other citizen’s rights by kidnapping, causing atrocities and harm to innocent people. This is why they deserve to be punished and made to suffer any consequences for their actions. They commit aggressions and only conduct business by violence, especially against innocent civilians and creating fear to all nations. Thus, the immediate federal response to the World Trade Center attack by some terrorist group was the creation of the Patriot Act which contains the following contents with some to strengthen domestic security and ethical issues. According to the U.S Department of justice.gov. â€Å"It stated that the creations of the act, pertains to the country’s protection of civil liberties, which authorizes federal money to accomplish much of the act s provisions, it allows the Secret Service to cr eate a nationwide electronic crime task force. The president can confiscate the

The Boston Bombing free essay sample

Mr. Charles Benjamin Boston Marathon Bombing The world is constantly changing and evolving. Have you ever wondered if it was possible to stop the impossible and if you had a choice what would you choose? Well the ability to do right from wrong or make a decision that harms or offends anyone is seen throughout an individual’s manifestation of societal feeling. The Boston Marathon is an annual marathon held in the Greater Boston area in Eastern Massachusetts. This event brings out challenging runners which attracts huge crowds to cheer them on, while raising monies for charities. This event is held in a city-wide area, which may have been why it was an attractive target for terrorists. No one was ready for the tragic event that took place on April 15, 2013, where two brothers Dzhokhar and Tamerlane Tsarneav bought yet another tragedy upon the community when bombs were set off during the Boston Marathon. We will write a custom essay sample on The Boston Bombing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The first bombing exploded outside Marathon Sports. Seconds later a second bomb went off near the finish line on Boylston Street near Copley Square killing three, Krystle Marie Campbell, 29, a restaurant manager from Medford, Massachusetts, Lu Lingzi 23, Chinese national and Boston University graduate from Shenyang, Liaoning and Martin William Richard, an eight-year-old boy from the Dorchester neighborhood of Boston, and left hundreds of others injured. One of bombs used in the attacks was made in form of a six liter pressure cooker that was placed in a nylon bag with a detonated on a timer instead of a remote. Other explosive devices were made of nails, metal, and BBs. As the evidence grows against Dzhokhar so does the list of individuals involved. Friends, family, officers, authorities, and others who encountered the suspects that had nothing to do with the bombing and were just as shocked by it as everyone else. The best way to describe the security situation about the Boston Bombers is that they slip through the cracks. Even though that is general and weak and vague way of explaining the lapse in security about the two brothers it’s the only way that the law enforcement experts are explaining it. Even though, the Russian secret service gave our Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) some information about the two brothers, for some reason that did not go far enough. The intelligence agencies that were involved seemed to still after all those laws passed after the September 11, attacks. Another reason it seems for the lapse of cohesive agency cooperation is that it is now reported that Tamerlane Tsarnaev was put on a security watch list and later removed and the investigation was closed even though he traveled to Chechnya and was not on the United States radar. The pros and cons will always be weighed when it about security and privacy, there is a fine line. We as a country have a moral responsibility to the victims of any terrorist attack to find them justices and it’s also a legal right. The best part about this country is that you have a lot of freedom form the government that a lot of other countries do not have, the detriment of this country is that some people that are born here in this country and abroad uses these freedoms as an opening to do harm to the American population. For example the brother that survived is Dzhokar is a citizen of this country, which makes his legal rights just as strong as any American in this country, even though a lot of people are calling for his rights to be taken away; he has his rights protected by the constitution. The security overall in this country has done a very good job to protect the citizens of this country it is a very daunting task. The cons of this vast land is that we have a free society with a lot of immigrants moving in and out of the country that in itself is very to control and keep a safe process for all that are involved. The pros of this vast land is that we all communicate with each other, a lot and that will help us to help the government thwart these individuals who are trying to do harm. The best way to attack this problem is to first learn how to cope with the pressures of the new world. The other issue is that we must innovative we must attack the problem with different answers and new technology so that we can make easier to track people with checkered past and find out if they are a threat. We must also take initiative and while we take initiative we must strategize, we must have plans that are flexible to adjust to because this is a free society and they will need to be informed and included. Finally we must apply all the expertise that we can because learning patterns and understanding why certain individuals do what they do is very important not only to law enforcement, but for us as a society as a whole. The bombings proved that anyone with the will power to hurt the general public can actually manifest those ideas into action. The Tsarneav Brothers are a perfect example of what is the most pressing issue facing our judicial system today when it comes to prosecuting someone who has committed a Terrorist act. The problems seems to be that as the Government is gathering information when something as terrible as a terrorist act happens the gathering of information becomes paramount in that same instances the government has the right to treat the suspect or suspects as a United States citizen if they are a citizen or as a military enemy combatants. The treatment of homegrown terrorist suspects once they are captured has been debated by a lot of lawyers and scholars and constitutionalists. The Boston Bombing suspects are a perfect example where you have the brothers one is a resident alien in the United States and the other is an actual United States citizen they are both in different categories as far as rights in the United States. The topic of terrorists whom we need to give their full constitutional rights is something that is a moral dilemma to some but indefensible to others. The dilemma stems from the moral dilemma that should the government go to all lengths to extract information from someone to save others that are in danger, even it is not proven that torture works on terrorists most argue that we should do any and everything to protect the general public. The other side of the problem is that these people are Unites States citizens and the have some unalienable rights because of the constitution. The dilemma that we face is how to protect the nation and protect the rights that has been given to United States since the inception of this country. Terrorism has shaken our beliefs to the core we have to believe in our justice system to process and prosecute these individuals, even though they seem to not deserve the respect and dignity of due process. As was stated in the beginning, the world is constantly changing and evolving, with that said we as the land of free home of the brave must be the country that can do the impossible. We as a country should be able to uphold our constitutional rights as a nation and protect all of our citizens. REFERENCES Hosenball, M. (2013). Boston bomb suspects name was on classified government watch list. Retrieved from http://www. google. com TIDE fact sheet. (2008). Retrieved from http://www. google. com http://usnews. nbcnews. com http://newyork. cbslocal. com

56 Google Search Tricks for Students - The Writers For Hire

56 GOOGLE SEARCH TRICKS FOR STUDENTS This article is courtesy of OnlineDegree.net A great list of tips for anyone who does research online. Google has been around for ages, and if youre just starting college, youve probably used the search engine for most of your academic life. But theres more to the powerful search tool than just typing in keywords. Here are 56 Google search tricks for all types of students, whether youre in high school, pursuing an online degree, or are just trying to brush up on your own research skills. Advanced Search When youre searching for specific material, use Advanced Search to plug in qualifiers that will narrow down your search. Here are more Advanced Search tricks to learn. Search within a domain: Only let Google bring up .edu or .gov sites, for example, if you want primary sources or authoritative information. Select file type: This very handy qualifier is useful when you need to quickly find certain types of data or information for a presentation. You can choose to limit results to .pdf, .xls, Google Earth, .doc, .rtf, and more. : If youre looking to use open source material or unlicensed material, this is a good trick to make sure youre on track. Exclude terms: Use a minus sign right before a word (-example) to eliminate it from your search results. Wildcard search: The * key acts as a wildcard in Google search that can be helpful with early stages of research. Google gives the example [Obama voted * on the * bill] to learn about Obamas votes on several different bills. Limit synonyms: Did you know that Google sometimes finds results that dont match your search exactly, but that use synonyms instead? Type in the + sign before a search to eliminate synonyms and use your words only. Language: For foreign language or international business or policy classes, or if you just have to have a primary source, use this selector to change language settings. Where your keywords show up: When youre looking for very specific information or for a specific kind of source, you can use this feature to limit where the keywords show up in your search: the URL, title of the article, in links to the page, or just anywhere in the page. Find pages that link to the page: Use this feature when you want to do a little more digging. Youll stumble across blog posts, journal articles and news stories that offer more in-depth commentary. Quotation marks: Put quotation marks around a phrase to let Google know you want that exact phrase in that order. Scholar Search Google Scholar is an excellent resource for undergraduate and graduate students who want a quick way to connect to authoritative information from journals and scholarly publications. Use these tips to search Scholar. Search by author: Scholar recommends using the authors initials, or at least first initial and last name, to increase your results. Search by journal: Used Scholars Advanced Search to find articles published in a specific journal or publication. Find articles and pieces that reference that article: By typing in the name of an article in quotation marks, youll find that paper plus other papers that reference it. Limit by date: Make sure youre citing the most updated research by limiting your returns by date. Find court opinions: If youre searching for court opinions, you can search by state, choose only U.S. federal court opinions, or expand your search to all journals and opinions. Select collections: Also in Advanced Search is the option to select collections like Chemistry and Materials Science or Social Sciences, Arts, and Humanities. Search Library Links: Under Google Scholar Preferences, youll find the option to find library access links. Start with citations, then move offline: Sometimes Google will pull up a citation but not the whole piece because it hasnt found it online. If it looks like a good match for your research, copy it down and bring it to your librarian for help locating it. Find foreign language journals: Look for primary materials from foreign language journals in Chinese, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Spanish and more. Bibliography Manager: Bibliography Manager is a Scholar feature that lets you add citations in various formats like RefWorks, RefMan, EndNote, and BibTeX. This is found in the Preferences section. Reference Tools and Tips Google is full of tricks for pulling up statistics, basic facts and reference material. Check here for great shortcuts for finding definitions and more. Dictionary: Type the word define before the word you want to look up in the Google search bar. Calculator: Just type in an equation with the = sign to use Googles calculator feature. You can find more calculator operators and symbols here. Books: Click on the Books option under Shop Options after entering your search. Youll find Google books on the subject, and can quickly add them to your library or preview them. Unit conversion: Let Google complete unit conversions for you when you type in a problem, like 4 lbs in kg. Cooking conversions: When youre trying out moms recipes at school, use this feature to solve cooking conversions. Numeric ranges: If you want to know who was president during a certain timeframe, type in president 1940†¦1950 for example. You can also use this feature to find results that contain certain dollar amounts or other numerical ranges. Stock Quotes: For business classes, you can use the Stock Quotes search by typing in the ticker symbol. Google will bring up current stock quotes. Glossary: Type in a word followed by ~glossary to find glossaries, term lists and dictionary entries for that word. Package tracking: Find out when your next care package arrives when you use this feature. Public data: Look up public data by typing in keywords and a location, like population california. Area Code Lookup: This feature should be useful when applying for jobs or looking for places to visit in your area for research. Froogle: Whether youre shopping for the best deal or are conducting market research for a project, use Googles product search tool, Froogle. Notes and Organization Keep your research organized with these tricks. Search within a site: Type example search term site: example website to search a keyword or search term within that site only, if you need to use a particular source. SearchWiki: Use SearchWiki to star and edit your favorite results, even hidden ones. info:: Find information about a website if you need to verify it or collect data for a citation. Custom Search Engine: Create your own custom search engine with Google. You can name it, pick the language, and select only certain sites to be searched. Learn how to assess credibility: This slide explains how to check a pages about section, find a date and author, and verify the authors credentials on Google. Google Toolbar: Great for study groups, this toolbar lets you share websites with friends and translate web pages. Pay attention to Googles indents: Google indents results when theyre from the same website as the result above it. Social and New Media Search Google is a great tool for finding images, toying around with new media, and locating and connecting with people online. Here are some Google tips to help you maximize Googles cutting edge potential. Google Maps eye-level perspective: Once youve searched for a particular map, drag the little person icon (located at the top of the zoom in/zoom out bar) anywhere on the map to get an eye-level perspective. Google Groups: When you want to pull up information from Google Groups only, you can type in the authors name, group name or insubject: and the subject keyword. Updates: After conducting a search, click on the Updates button under Show Options. Youll get a steady stream of the most updated social media comments about that topic. Clicking Discussions will take you to forums QA pages. Google Image Search: You probably know how to use image search, but did you know its a useful way to ID people and look up foreign language definitions? Knol: While it may not be the most authoritative search tool, Knol can help you start your research and find out how others around the world are reacting to current events and popular discussion topics. Recognize faces: Follow this link for instructions on how to get Google to recognize faces, and not bring up other image results when you type in someones name. Shortcuts Use these shortcuts to make your Google searches even faster. Im Feeling Lucky: If youre an expert searcher, use this button on the Google search page to get automatically directed to the first web page that would normally show up in a list in a general search. Better than and reminds me of: This weird little tip will help you find comparisons. Just type in either search term and then a keyword, all enclosed in quotation marks. cache:: Use this shortcut to show a web page in its cached version. related:: Type in a website after related: to find related sites. Shortcut for spellcheck: Dont bother going to a dictionary website to see if you spelled something correctly: just enter it into Googles search bar, and the did you mean†¦ suggestion will pop up with the correct spelling. Google Blog Search: Blog Search is another quick way to jump to blog posts only. Set up iGoogle: Personalize your Google homepage so that it contains links to your favorite feeds and research pages. Miscellaneous From looking for jobs to understanding case sensitivity, here are more Google tricks for students. Google Job Directory: Use this tool to look for job opportunities, including seasonal jobs and job fairs. Delete search history: You can clear your address bar history, Google Toolbar history, and Google search box history here. Search operators are case sensitive: Google isnt case sensitive when it reads your keywords, but operators like OR are.

Effective Communication and Collaboration Among Personality Types and Learning Styles Essay Example

Effective Communication and Collaboration Among Personality Types and Learning Styles Essay Example Effective Communication and Collaboration Among Personality Types and Learning Styles Essay Effective Communication and Collaboration Among Personality Types and Learning Styles Essay Melding of the Minds 1 Melding of the Minds: Effective Communication and Collaboration among Personality Types and Learning Styles Foundations for General Education and Professional Success/GEN200 Melding of the Minds 2 Melding of the Minds: Effective Communication and Collaboration among Personality Types and Learning Styles One of the challenges of working with any team lies in building relationships with the various members of the team, and to form a cohesive unit that communicates and works well together. It can be difficult to convey thoughts and ideas to those with personalities and learning styles different from oneself. However, with a little effort one can put this diversity to good use. Dr. Joyce Bishop, co-author of Keys to College Studying condensed personality styles into four basic groupings; the thinker, giver, organizer, and adventurer. Each individual will have characteristics from all of these groupings but will generally have dominance in a single personality type. This allows those who are aware of personality types to recognize and expand upon common characteristics with those they are working with. For example, the thinker is most comfortable with time to reflect individually on ideas presented, whereas the giver and adventurer enjoy working with groups; however, being familiar with personality styles, the thinker and the adventurer have the common trait of considering problems via non-traditional approaches. The giver will typically be the peace keeper in any group as they dislike conflict, and are good with communicating and negotiating. In addition, the organizer is likely to create flash cards to study by, which the giver can use to capitalize on their traits and teach the organizer. By having a variety of personality styles on a team it keeps balance, and allows various perspectives to be brought to the project. Similar to personality types, every individual has their own way of taking in and retaining information, referred to as a learning style. A learning style can be defined as A set of characteristics which make learning effective for an individual (Seckel, 2007, 22). It may seem that these varied learning styles may clash and create conflict working on a team together; Melding of the Minds 3 however, they can, in fact, complement each other nicely. Verbal learners will benefit from reciting the information they are learning to retain the information, the visual learner can build on this technique by listening to the recitation and putting the information into a word web, or arrangement he or she can use to visualize the details. Adding someone with a logical/mathematical learning style into this group adds another beneficial dimension. Logical learners and the visual learners complement each other with their ability to chart or graph the data or facts they are studying. The logical learner can see relationships between the facts, and the verbal learner can put these logical relationships back into a cohesive written document for presentation. The verbal learner will be able to write clear papers, the visual learner will add a visual appeal to presentations, and the logical learner will order the layout in an organized and clear manner. A well formed team, consisting of i ndividuals with a variety of personality types and learning styles can capitalize on the strengths of each individual, and allow each person to stretch him or herself to improve on weaker traits. By melding a group from these differences, the work product is likely to be more rounded, taking into account various perspectives. It will also produce more concise and interesting presentations. Although conflicts and difficulties may arise among the group, the benefits of multiple perspectives, thoughts, and ideas, greatly outweigh those difficulties. Melding of the Minds References 4 Seckel, S. (2007). Characteristics and Responsibilities of Successful e-Learners. Journal of Instruction Delivery Systems, 21(2), 22-26. Retrieved from Education Research Complete database.

A Frenetic Workday Schedule Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Frenetic Workday Schedule - Article Example Before 2005, the insomnia category was written off as not growing or changing. The chief drug to combat insomnia was the brand Ambien (it recorded sales of $ 2.2 billion in 2004 {Brandweek Magazine. â€Å"Marketers of the Year 2006: Lunesta’s Tim Healey and Jay Popli†}), that rose to the top after successfully fighting off other ambitious drugs like Sonata, Halcion and Tylenol P.M. The American public was resigned to the dominance of Ambien in the absence of a better alternative in spite of increasing high-profile cases that highlighted the dangerous side effects of Ambien (such as U.S. Rep. Patrick Kenney’s car crash, a lawyer in Buffalo who ‘messily’ raided his own fridge and tore a towel rack off the wall, the crash of the Staten Island Ferry that killed 11 persons, a Texas bus crash resulting in the death of 8 passengers, and several videos of YouTube depicting people drooling and zonked out (The New York Times. â€Å"Record Sales of Sleeping Pi lls Are Causing Worries†). Into this scenario of sleeplessness and uncertainty came Lunesta. Launched in April 2005 by Marlborough Mass.-based firm Sepracor, it swiftly emerged as the hottest sleeping pill in the U.S today. The Lunesta fairytale success story is based on two factors: a measure of good fortune, and a massive ad budget featuring an irresistible ad. Lunesta initially had two strokes of good fortune: its original name and original and was scrapped. The FDA rejected the brand name ‘Estorra’ on the grounds that it sounded too much like ‘Estrace,’ a prevailing hormone-therapy drug.  

Chinese tea art from the Tang dynasty until recent times Essay

Chinese tea art from the Tang dynasty until recent times - Essay Example The essay "Chinese tea art from the Tang dynasty until recent times" discovers The development of Chinese tea art from the Tang dynasty until recent times in China or overseas. In China, tea came to be developed in a very funny manner. It started from the initial perception that the forefathers had about tea. Their understanding about tea was very different from the way that it is understood today. This perception originated from the agricultural god who was also known as Shannon. He was the inventor of Chinese medicine. He is also the foundation upon which the five cereals were discovered as well as the variety of herbals that are able to cure a broad range of human diseases. This god was able to do this through the engagement in tasting the varied range of herbal substances in order to master the different characteristics of the herbal medicines. As a result, he was poisoned more than seventy times on every day. However, he was able to be detoxified through the accidental eating of tea leaves. The different ways with which tea was taken were closely related to the way through which it was discovered. Tea leaves were later developed into a famous beverage subsequent to the long application process. This was during the period within which it was used as a food, medicine as well as a sacrificial offering. The Tang Dynasty is a very important period in the history of China due to its function in the expansion of the feudal society in China. This provided social conditions that were excellent for making tea.